Shaykh ul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah رحمه الله
وليس المراد بالشرع اللازم لجميع الخلق " حكم الحاكم " ولو كان الحاكم أفضل أهل زمانه ; بل حكم الحاكم العالم العادل يلزم قوما معينين تحاكموا إليه في قضية معينة ; لا يلزم جميع الخلق ولا يجب على عالم من علماء المسلمين أن يقلد حاكما لا في قليل ولا في كثير إذا كان قد عرف ما أمر الله به ورسوله ; بل لا يجب على آحاد العامة تقليد الحاكم في شيء ; بل له أن يستفتي من يجوز له استفتاؤه وإن لم يكن حاكما ومتى ترك العالم ما علمه من [ ص: 373 ] كتاب الله وسنة رسوله واتبع حكم الحاكم المخالف لحكم الله ورسوله كان مرتدا كافرا يستحق العقوبة في الدنيا والآخرة قال تعالى : { المص } { كتاب أنزل إليك فلا يكن في صدرك حرج منه لتنذر به وذكرى للمؤمنين } { اتبعوا ما أنزل إليكم من ربكم ولا تتبعوا من دونه أولياء قليلا ما تذكرون } . ولو ضرب وحبس وأوذي بأنواع الأذى ليدع ما علمه من شرع الله ورسوله الذي يجب اتباعه واتبع حكم غيره كان مستحقا لعذاب الله بل عليه أن يصبر وإن أوذي في الله فهذه سنة الله في الأنبياء وأتباعهم قال الله تعالى : { الم } { أحسب الناس أن يتركوا أن يقولوا آمنا وهم لا يفتنون } { ولقد فتنا الذين من قبلهم فليعلمن الله الذين صدقوا وليعلمن الكاذبين } وقال تعالى : { ولنبلونكم حتى نعلم المجاهدين منكم والصابرين ونبلو أخباركم } وقال تعالى : { أم حسبتم أن تدخلوا الجنة ولما يأتكم مثل الذين خلوا من قبلكم مستهم البأساء والضراء وزلزلوا حتى يقول الرسول والذين آمنوا معه متى نصر الله ألا إن نصر الله قريب
“Whenever the `alim follows the hukm (legislation) of the ruler, and leaves off his knowledge, in contradiction to the book of Allah and the sunnah of His Messenger, he is a kafir (an unbeliever) and a murtadd (an apostate), who deserves to be punished in this life and the hereafter. This rule can also be applied with regard to the group of scholars who jumped and joined the Mongols due to fear of them and that they wanted to take benefit from them. These scholars made the excuse that some of the Mongols were speaking the Shahaada and that they were Muslims. Allah has said, (It is as if he is describing our situation today to the letter.)
‘Alif Laam Mim Saad. A Book sent down to you, so do not have any worry in your breast from it, so that you may warn and be a reminder to the believers. Follow what has been sent down to you from your Lord and do not follow protectors and helpers besides Him. Little is it that you remember!’ [Surat al-A`raf, 1-3]
“And even if this `alim is captured, put behind bars and tortured to leave what Allah I has taught him from His Book, he should be patient with that. If he leaves all that and follows the ruler, then he is one of the people that are supposed to be doomed by Allah. He should be patient even if he is harmed in the cause of Allah. This is the sunnah that Allah I has wanted and accepted from the Prophets and from the people who follow the Prophets. Allah says,
‘Alif Lam Mim. Do people think that they will be left alone because they say, ‘We believe,’ and will not be tested? And We indeed tested those who were before them. Allah will certainly make it known those who are true and will certainly make it known those who are liars. And He (Allah I) will make it known who the liars are.’ [Surat al`Ankabut 1-3]
Majmu`a Fataawa, V. 35, page 373
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Jul 16, 2010
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